HIV neuromuscular disease and mitochondrial function

Lydia Estanislao; Diane Thomas; David Simpson

doi:10.1016/j.mito.2004.06.007

HIV neuromuscular disease and mitochondrial function

Mitochondrion. 2004 Jul;4(2-3):131-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2004.06.007.

Authors

Lydia Estanislao¹, Diane Thomas, David Simpson

Affiliation

¹ Neuro-AIDS Research Program, Department of Neurology, Box 1052, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA. lydia.estanislao@mssm.edu

PMID: 16120378
DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2004.06.007

Abstract

The pathogenesis of neuromuscular syndromes in HIV-infected patients is multifactorial. Of recent concern is the mitochondrial-mediated neuromuscular pathology in HIV and its treatment. We present currently available evidence supporting the role of mitochondrial pathology in the peripheral nerve and muscle disorders due to HIV infection and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Three neuromuscular syndromes are discussed: distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP), myopathy, and HIV-associated neuromuscular weakness syndrome (HANWS). Myopathy has the most in-vivo data relating to HIV-related mitochondrial pathology, while DSP and HANWS have growing evidence of mitochondrial pathology, particularly in the context of ARV use. It is likely that these neuromuscular disorders result from a combination of mitochondrial and immunological mechanisms due to HIV and ARV therapy.