Interaction of pyrogallol red with peroxyl radicals. A basis for a simple methodology for the evaluation of antioxidant capabilities

Free Radic Res. 2005 Jul;39(7):729-36. doi: 10.1080/10715760500143452.

Abstract

A competitive method to evaluate the reactivity of highly reactive antioxidants is reported. Pyrogallol red (PGR) and AAPH (2,2'-azo-bis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride) were employed as target-molecule and peroxyl radical source, respectively. In the zero-order kinetic limit in PGR, the dependence of the ratio R(o)/R (where R(o) is the rate of the process in the absence of additive and R is the rate of the process in the presence of additive) upon the additive concentration (Stern-Volmer like plots) was studied. Various polyphenols (n=10) and ascorbic acid (AA) were tested as additives. In PGR protection by AA, was observed a neat induction time, associated to the total protection of the target molecule. On the other hand, the experiments that were carried out in presence of phenolic compounds allowed a relative evaluation of their reactivity towards peroxyl radicals. This reactivity follows the order quercetin > gallic acid > Trolox > kaempferol. Data obtained employing quercetin and Trolox are compatible with a competitive protection by these antioxidants. Due to the high reactivity of PGR towards peroxyl radicals and its high extinction coefficient at long wavelengths, it is a very suitable molecule to be employed as target in the evaluation of the free radical scavenging capability of very reactive phenolic compounds.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amidines / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / chemistry*
  • Coloring Agents / chemistry*
  • Flavonoids / chemistry
  • Free Radical Scavengers / chemistry
  • Kinetics
  • Oxidants / chemistry
  • Peroxides / chemistry*
  • Pyrogallol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Pyrogallol / chemistry
  • Quercetin / chemistry

Substances

  • Amidines
  • Antioxidants
  • Coloring Agents
  • Flavonoids
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Oxidants
  • Peroxides
  • Pyrogallol
  • perhydroxyl radical
  • pyrogallol sulfonphthalein
  • 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)
  • Quercetin