Physical work adjusted to physical and mental capabilities of an adolescent is considered as a positive factor in the context of constructing health condition. The objective of the study was the determination of the relationship between self-reported health, the occurrence of injuries and the work load among rural school-aged children engaged in work tasks in the household and on a farm. The study covered 662 pupils aged 11, 13 and 15 from rural schools in the eastern region of Poland. The study was conducted by means of a survey with the use of two questionnaire forms: Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) - Cross-National Study and 'Children's work in the household and on the farm'. A relationship was observed between work load in the household and on the farm, measured by such indicators as: working time, heaviness of work activities performed and performance of hazardous and harmful work tasks, positive evaluation of own appearance and life satisfaction (in boys), and a higher incidence of injuries requiring medical care.