The important physiological function of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is being the focus of nutriology fields. The DHA status of pregnant and lactation women, who are the main nutrition provider for fetus and infants, had an important effect on DHA nutrition and development of their fetus and infants. The infants whose mother had a supplement of DHA during pregnancy and lactation have higher blood DHA level and better development results of body, visual acuity and intelligence. This paper reviewed the recent international research data on the relationship between maternal DHA intake and DHA status and development of fetus and infant.