Hydrodechlorination of dichlorobiphenyls over Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by spray-drying method

Chemosphere. 2006 Jan;62(1):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.097. Epub 2005 Jun 9.

Abstract

The hydrodechlorination (HDCl) process of 2,3-, 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyls was studied over a sulphided Ni-Mo/Al(2)O(3) catalyst in a stirred autoclave at a hydrogen pressure of 3 MPa. The catalysts were prepared by spray-drying. They were characterized by N(2) adsorption, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis. The reaction temperature of the catalytic HDCl process was varied in the range of 230-290 degrees C. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) free transformer oil was used as reaction medium. The HDCl degree of dichlorobiphenyl isomers was in the range of 82-93%. The efficiency in the chlorine removal was found to be related to the position of the substituted chlorine atom and decreased as follows 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl approximately 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl>2,3-dichlorobiphenyl. For comparison, the HDCl process of 2,3-dichlorobiphenyl (2,3-PCB) without catalyst was also studied. The chlorine removal was 85% for the catalytic HDCl of 2,3-PCB whereas non-catalytic process led only to 16% of dechlorination in the same operating conditions, i.e. at 290 degrees C after 120 min. Monodichlorobiphenyls were not detected in the reaction products. The data for both catalytic and non-catalytic conversion of 2,3-PCB fit to a first-order model. Kinetic constants and the activation energy of the overall HDCl reaction of 2,3-PCB to biphenyl were evaluated. Compared to non-catalytic process, a nearly threefold decrease in the activation energy was observed in the presence of Ni-Mo/Al(2)O(3) catalyst prepared by spray-drying (48 kJ mol(-1) vs. 124 kJ mol(-1)).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aluminum Oxide / chemistry*
  • Catalysis
  • Environmental Pollutants / analysis*
  • Kinetics
  • Molecular Structure
  • Molybdenum / chemistry*
  • Nickel / chemistry*
  • Particle Size
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls / analysis*
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls / chemistry
  • Porosity
  • Surface Properties
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods*

Substances

  • Environmental Pollutants
  • nickel nitrate
  • Nickel
  • Molybdenum
  • Polychlorinated Biphenyls
  • Aluminum Oxide
  • ammonium molybdate