Protein tyrosine nitration in rat brain is associated with raft proteins, flotillin-1 and alpha-tubulin: effect of biological aging

J Neurochem. 2005 Jun;93(5):1262-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03115.x.

Abstract

Protein 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NY) immunoreactivity of rat brain homogenate was localized to a ca. 50 kDa protein band by western blot (WB) analysis. The nitrated proteins were localized to the raft fraction obtained by centrifugation of the homogenate in a sucrose density gradient, which contained specific raft markers such as flotillin-1 and caveolin-1. Purification of the nitrated raft proteins either by a combination of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or by immunoprecipitation (IP) with protein- and modification-specific antibodies coupled to WB and HPLC-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI--MS/MS) analysis allowed us to identify two proteins modified by 3-NY: flotillin-1 and alpha-tubulin. Both alpha- and beta-tubulin were detected in the rat brain raft fraction as abundant proteins, which co-immunoprecipitate with flotillin-1 and caveolin-1. Importantly, some protein-protein interactions in rafts were disrupted in 3-NY-containing proteins, e.g. caveolin-1 was dissociated from a complex with flotillin-1 and alpha-tubulin. The analysis of age dependencies did not show any significant change in protein nitration and expression of flotillin-1 and alpha-tubulin, but a decrease in the brain caveolin-1 level for old (34 months) versus young (6 months) rats. The putative mechanism of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity regulation by the level of caveolin expression and raft protein-protein interactions is discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aging / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Caveolin 1
  • Caveolins / metabolism
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred BN
  • Rats, Inbred F344
  • Tubulin / metabolism*
  • Tyrosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tyrosine / metabolism*

Substances

  • Cav1 protein, rat
  • Caveolin 1
  • Caveolins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Tubulin
  • flotillins
  • 3-nitrotyrosine
  • Tyrosine