Abstract
Ixodes pacificus is the main tick vector for transmission of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi to large vertebrates in California. The present study was undertaken in I. pacificus-infested counties in California to examine spatial and temporal relationships among A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi-exposed coyotes with vegetation type and climate. The overall A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi seroprevalences were 39.5% (N=215) and 18.9% (N=148), respectively, with no association with sex. PCR for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi was negative in all blood and kidney samples. Increased seroprevalence was a positive function of rainfall. Ehrlichial seropositivity was increased in blue-oak foothill pine, montane hardwood, and redwood vegetation regions, and decreased in coastal sagebrush and cropland. Increased exposure to B. burgdorferi occurred in blue oak woodland.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum / genetics
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum / growth & development
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Anaplasmosis / epidemiology
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Anaplasmosis / microbiology*
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Animals
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Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
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Borrelia burgdorferi / genetics
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Borrelia burgdorferi / growth & development
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California / epidemiology
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Climate
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Coyotes / parasitology*
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DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
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DNA, Bacterial / genetics
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Female
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Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / veterinary
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Ixodes / microbiology*
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Lyme Disease / epidemiology
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Lyme Disease / microbiology
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Lyme Disease / veterinary*
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Male
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Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
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Satellite Communications
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Seasons
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Seroepidemiologic Studies
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Tick Infestations / microbiology
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Tick Infestations / veterinary*
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Tick-Borne Diseases / microbiology
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Tick-Borne Diseases / veterinary*
Substances
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Antibodies, Bacterial
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DNA, Bacterial