Unilateral mobile NMR employs portable instrumentation with sensors, which are applied to the object from one side. Based on the principles of well-logging NMR, a hand-held sensor, the NMR-MOUSE (MObile Universal Surface Explorer) has been developed for nondestructive materials testing. In the following, a number of new applications of unilateral NMR in materials science are reviewed. They are the state assessment of polyethylene pipes, the characterization of wood, the in situ evaluation of stone conservation treatment, high-resolution profiling of rubber tubes and 2-D imaging for defect analysis in rubber products.