In this study we analyzed the influence of the personality dimension extraversion-introversion (E) on the level and topographical distribution of cortical activation. In 62 participants (32 introverts and 30 extraverts), we measured the extent of Event-Related Desynchronization (ERD) in the EEG during performance of a short-term memory (i.e., temporary maintenance of information) and a more complex working memory task (i.e., temporary maintenance and active manipulation of information). The results indicate that during performance of both tasks, introverts display a larger amount of ERD than extraverted individuals. Moreover, the present E effects largely match previous studies as to the restriction of these effects to lower EEG frequency ranges (approx. 4-8 Hz). Topographical analyses show that the E effects are primarily present over (right-hemispheric) frontal and parietal regions of the cerebral cortex.