Lithographically fabricated nanopore-based electrodes for electrochemistry

Anal Chem. 2005 Mar 15;77(6):1911-5. doi: 10.1021/ac0489972.

Abstract

We report a new technique for fabricating electrodes for electrochemical applications with lateral dimensions in the range 15-200 nm and a reproducible, well-defined geometry. This technique allows determining the electrode size by electron microscopy prior to electrochemical measurements and without contamination of the metal electrode. We measured the diffusion-limited current with stepped-current voltammetry and showed that its dependence on electrode size can be quantitatively understood if the known geometry of the electrodes is explicitly taken into account.