Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is very common, and often sub-clinical and usually resolves without any treatment. Genital warts are caused by HPV 6/11 infection and are one of the commonest clinically recognised disease manifestations of genital HPV. Subjects with genital warts usually perceive them as cosmetically disfiguring, often leading to adverse psychological symptoms, and most subjects with genital warts will present requesting treatment. A wide variety of treatments are available including both provider- and patient-applied therapies. Various individual subject and disease factors mediate appropriate therapy choice. Some of the treatments that are used for genital warts can also be used for some cases of intraepithelial neoplasia caused by high-oncogenic risk HPVs occurring at vulval, anal or penile sites. Specific treatment considerations apply to genital warts in pregnancy and laryngeal papillomatosis and these are also discussed.