Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum lipid abnormalities and the relationship with various factors in overweight and obese patients and to assess lipid profile modifications subsequent to weight loss in a subgroup of patients.
Methods: A sample of 110 obese out-patients first and a subgroup of 34 subjects afterwards, was selected at the Human Nutrition Research Centre of the University of Pavia for a retrospective analysis. The subjects recruited were all dyslipidemic, according to the American Clinical Guidelines for the assessment of cardiovascular risk. Differences in lipid profiles in subjects with different life habits were evaluated and in a subgroup of 34 subjects compared before and after a short-term moderate hypocaloric diet.
Results: Sample's mean age was 46.8+/-12.6 with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 32.1+/-4.8 kg/m2 (no difference with gender). The correlation analyses showed that total cholesterol (TC) concentrations were highly correlated with age (p<0.001); no correlation was found between TC and BMI, waist hip ratio (WHR), % body fat (BF%). Triglycerides (TG) concentrations were not related to age or BMI, however there was a significant correlation between TG and WHR and with waist circumference (WC) (p<0.001). The 34 subjects selected to take part in a dietary regimen, without significant changes in life habits, lost 5.1% of their initial weight and presented a significant improvement (p<0.001) in lipid profile.
Conclusions: The high correlation between lipid profile and anthropometric measurements implies further longitudinal evaluation of the validity of the anthropometric indexes in the dyslipidemic patient management. Indeed, the results suggest that modest weight loss is sufficient to obtain a significant improvement in fasting serum lipid profile of dyslipidemic overweight patients.