Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD, Caelyx) is an emerging option for patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma. Several phase II studies showed promising activity of PLD in recurrent ovarian cancer patients with response rate ranging from 16 to 25%. A phase III randomized trial compared PLD 50 mg/m2 day 1 every 4 weeks with Topotecan 1.5 mg/m2 daily for 5 days q 21 in recurrent ovarian cancer patients. No differences in progression free survival and overall survival were documented between treatment arms in the general population but a survival advantage was reported for platinum-sensitive subset. Our experience with PLD in the treatment of ovarian cancer is reported in this review article. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is effective as a second line treatment in ovarian cancer patients; comparative data are needed to establish its role in first line therapy.