The purpose of this paper is to actualize the historical data on influenza in Madagascar. The first outbreak of flu probably occurred in 1890. The first epidemic fully described was in 1893. Between 1890 and 1957, 11 outbreaks of influenza were registered. Since 1978, the unit of virology of the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar is the National Reference Center of the World Health Organization for influenza in Madagascar. Between 1975 and 2002, 12 epidemics of flu were registered confirmed by viral isolation. Madagascan terms used to design fever diseases are discussed.