Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of heart failure in developed countries. The therapeutic measures of today are usually not sufficient to prevent left ventricular remodelling as they fall short of actual replacement of necrotic cardiac myocytes. However, current insights into stem cell plasticity have opened up new perspectives for regenerating the infarcted heart. Recently, a wide range of stem/progenitor cell types have been used for cardiac cell therapy (CCT), including embryonic or foetal stem cells, myoblasts, and bone marrow stem cells. To date, the choice of stem cells has yet to be optimised. This review details recent experimental data and discusses the clinical potential of the various stem cell sources for CCT.