Abstract
We examined the effects of two African herbal medicines recommended for HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral metabolism. Extracts from Hypoxis and Sutherlandia showed significant effects on cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolism and activated the pregnane X receptor approximately twofold. P-glycoprotein expression was inhibited, with Hypoxis showing 42-51% and Sutherlandia showing 19-31% of activity compared with verapamil. Initiating policies to provide herbal medicines with antiretroviral agents may put patients at risk of treatment failure, viral resistance or drug toxicity.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism
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Anti-Retroviral Agents / metabolism*
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / metabolism
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
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Fabaceae*
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Herb-Drug Interactions*
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Humans
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Hypoxis*
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Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / metabolism
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Phytotherapy / methods*
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Plant Extracts / adverse effects*
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Pregnane X Receptor
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism
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Receptors, Steroid / metabolism
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Verapamil / metabolism
Substances
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ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
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Anti-Retroviral Agents
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Plant Extracts
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Pregnane X Receptor
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
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Receptors, Steroid
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Verapamil
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
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Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
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Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating