Abstract
Vascular calcification is a pathological calcification process. Its pathogenesis involves active mineralization by chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. Since cartilaginous metaplasia has been found in several vascular diseases, this process may represent one of vascular remodeling in response to vascular injury. Endochondral ossification following cartilaginous metaplasia play an important role in the progression of vascular calcification.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Arteriosclerosis / complications
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Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / physiology
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Calcinosis / etiology*
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Calcinosis / pathology
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Cell Differentiation / genetics
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Chondrocytes / cytology
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Chondrocytes / pathology
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Chondrogenesis / genetics
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Collagen Type II / physiology
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Cytokines / physiology
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Diabetes Complications
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High Mobility Group Proteins / physiology
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Humans
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Metaplasia / genetics
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Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / cytology
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Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / pathology*
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Neoplasm Proteins / physiology
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SOX9 Transcription Factor
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Transcription Factors / physiology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / physiology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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Vascular Diseases / etiology*
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Vascular Diseases / pathology
Substances
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BMP2 protein, human
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Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
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Collagen Type II
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Cytokines
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High Mobility Group Proteins
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Neoplasm Proteins
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SOX9 Transcription Factor
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SOX9 protein, human
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TGFB1 protein, human
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Transcription Factors
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Transforming Growth Factor beta1