Abstract
11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSDs) catalyse the interconversion of active cortisol and inert cortisone. Two isozymes have been discovered, each with unique properties and powerful biological roles. 11beta-HSD2 potently inactivates cortisol, protecting key tissues. By contrast, 11beta-HSD1 regenerates cortisol, amplifying its actions in liver, fat and brain. Overexpression of this isozyme may contribute to the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Its inhibition is a potential therapeutic target for both metabolic and glucocorticoid-associated CNS disorders.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / deficiency
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / genetics
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / metabolism*
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 / genetics
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 / metabolism*
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Animals
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Cortisone / metabolism
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Double-Blind Method
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Glucocorticoids / metabolism*
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Humans
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Hydrocortisone / antagonists & inhibitors
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Hydrocortisone / metabolism
Substances
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Glucocorticoids
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
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11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2
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Cortisone
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Hydrocortisone