Weakly cross-linked temperature sensitive imprinted polymer hydrogels that recognize L-pyroglutamic acid (Pga) molecules via multiple-point hydrogen bonding were designed and synthesized. The amount of adsorption for Pga in imprinted hydrogels is 3-4 times higher than that in non-imprinted hydrogels. The selectivity test of imprinted polymer gels was carried out by using a series of structurally related compounds Pga, pyrrolidine, 2-pyrrolidone, L-proline as substrates. The results show that imprinted polymer gels exhibit high selectivity for Pga as compared to all the other tested substrates. The imprinted polymer hydrogels show good temperature sensitivity, special selectivity and reusability, suggesting that the polymer hydrogels would have an enormous potential for application in controlled drug release and separation field.