The incidence of tuberculosis was analyzed in all 16 districts and Kyzyl (the capital) of the Republic of Tyva in 1998-2002. There was an increase in its incidence rates (from 13.15 to 133.6%) in 9 districts and a decrease in this index (from 15.3% to 45.2%) in 7 districts and by 6.6% in Kyzyl. In terms of the average annual rates, there were 3 districts with relatively low incidence rates those were 64.9, 60.5, and 53.0%, respectively, less than the average republican rate and 2 districts with high incidence rates that were 46.9 and 27.9%, respectively, higher than the average republican rate. The geographical location of districts and the density of the population were found to be one of the factors that influence the incidence of tuberculosis. According to the age-specific structure of morbidity, the highest peak fell on young age (18-44 years) in both the districts with low and high rates and the republic as a whole. According to sex, more frequently patients were males in the districts with low incidence rates and females in those with high rates, which is a poor predictor of a further epidemiological situation. The found specific features of the prevalence of tuberculosis in the districts of the Republic of Tyva should be taken into account in implementing tuberculosis-controlling measures.