Influence of 6-ketocholestanol on skin permeation of 5-aminolevulinic acid and evaluation of chemical stability

J Pharm Sci. 2004 Nov;93(11):2780-7. doi: 10.1002/jps.20130.

Abstract

The ability of 6-ketocholestanol to increase the skin permeation of the prodrug aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was investigated. 6-Ketocholestanol was incorporated together with 5-ALA in four different formulations. Preparations used were a liquid solution/suspension of 5-ALA in buffer, 5-ALA in phospholipid liposomal formulations with and without gelating agent, and finally, a complex cream formulation also including phospholipids. Standard diffusion experiments of 5-ALA using Franz-type diffusion cells and porcine skin were performed. Drug stability was monitored by analyzing the 5-ALA content in the different formulations over time and viewing the preparation for microbial contamination. The analysis of 5-ALA as a nonfluorescent probe was performed after chemical reaction, leading to a fluorescent derivative. The 5-ALA permeation through porcine skin was increased threefold by 6-ketocholestanol in the cream formulation. The chemical stability of 5-ALA in the tested formulations was in the range of about 33 to 72% after an observation period of 28 days. After that time point microbial stability was no longer evident for formulations 2 and 3. Formulation 1 could be observed until day 34, and only formulation 4 showed a microbial stability over the whole observation period of 42 days.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aminolevulinic Acid / chemistry
  • Aminolevulinic Acid / pharmacokinetics*
  • Animals
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / methods
  • Drug Stability
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Ketocholesterols / chemistry
  • Ketocholesterols / pharmacokinetics*
  • Skin Absorption / drug effects
  • Skin Absorption / physiology*
  • Swine

Substances

  • Ketocholesterols
  • 6-ketocholestanol
  • Aminolevulinic Acid