The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of adjustment disorders in psychiatric hospital and to establish the clinical and evolutional profiles of these disorders. A descriptive and retrospective study with approximately 115 patients hospitalized a first time in a psychiatric setting of the university hospital of Monastir in Tunisia for adjustment disorders according to the DSM-IV. The frequency of adjustment disorders in a psychiatric hospital was estimated at 11,8 %. The majority of patients were young (65,3 % between 16 and 20), female (60,9 %), of low professional and socio-economical status, and without any psychiatric history (59,1 %). The acute appearance of adjustment disorders caused by psychosocial stress factors which were usually various (60 %), recent (61,7 %) and with a high severity (69,6 %). The suicide attempts were frequent (53 %) representing the first reason for hospitalization. An evolution was favourable in 75,7 % of cases after a short hospitalization (about 8,2 days). Finally, the authors insist on the short hospitalization in order to provide evaluation, observation and treatment setting for these disorders.