Proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic activities caused by Leptodeira annulata ashmeadii (Serpentes: Colubridae) Duvernoy's gland secretion

Wilderness Environ Med. 2004 Summer;15(2):82-9. doi: 10.1580/1080-6032(2004)015[0082:phanac]2.0.co;2.

Abstract

Objective: The main goal was to explore the different toxin properties (proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic) of Leptodeira annulata ashmeadii Duvernoy's gland secretion (DGS).

Methods: To separate and characterize the different proteins present in L. annulata ashmeadii DGS, 20% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was run. To partially purify the proteolytic activity, Mono Q2 column ion-exchange chromatography was used. Hemorrhagic activity was analyzed in chicken embryos and mice (skin and peritoneum). Neurotoxic disorders were analyzed in mice inoculated with L. annulata ashmeadii DGS.

Results: The approximate relative mass of 21 protein bands was determined using the Multi-Analyst PC version 1.1 (Bio-Rad) program. L. annulata ashmeadii DGS proved to have proteolytic, hemorrhagic, and neurotoxic activities.

Conclusions: Given the properties of the secretions of its Duvernoy's gland, L. annulata ashmeadii should be added to the list of venomous colubrids.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chick Embryo / drug effects
  • Colubridae*
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Exocrine Glands / metabolism
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Lethal Dose 50
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Peritoneum / drug effects
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Snake Venoms / toxicity*

Substances

  • Snake Venoms