Purpose: To report a case of endophthalmitis after triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-assisted par plane vitrectomy (PPV).
Methods: A 60-year-old Japanese man developed endophthalmitis after TA-assisted PPV for diabetic macular edema. Preoperative visual acuity was 20/200. Four days after surgery, endophthalmitis associated with anterior chamber hypopyon was noticed; the patient's vision had deteriorated to hand motion. In spite of severe cell infiltration, the ciliary injection and ocular pain were not significant.
Results: The additional PPV with irrigation of cefazolin (40 microg/ml) and gentamicin (8 microg/ml) was performed. Endophthalmitis resolved soon after this treatment. Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected in the intravitreous samples. The patient's visual acuity improved to 20/100.
Conclusion: Endophthalmitis may be a complication of TA-assisted PPV with unique signs and symptoms.