Catheterization is considered to be a mandatory procedure for adequate bladder drainage following an anti-incontinence operation until the recovery of normal voiding function occurs. We conducted this prospective study to challenge this practice. A total of 86 patients with genuine stress incontinence who underwent a modified Burch coplosuspension were randomized into two groups based on the day of operation. The study group consisted of 42 patients who had the transurethral Foley catheter removed postoperatively the next morning (Group A). The control group was composed of 43 patients who had the transurethral indwelling catheter left in place until the fifth postoperative day (Group B). The percentages of immediate voiding difficulties in Groups A and B were 7.1% and 0%, respectively ( P>0.05). The postoperative urinary tract infection rates of Groups A and B were 16.6% and 23.3%, respectively ( P>0.05). The success rates of our patients were not compromised after our modified operative procedures (78.6% with dry results and 19.0% with improved symptoms in Group A vs. 74.4% with dry results and 20.9% with improved symptoms in Group B, P >0.05). Our results imply that it is not necessary that an indwelling catheter, for bladder drainage, be left in place until the fifth postoperative day to prevent immediate voiding difficulties.