Although recurrent psychosomatic pain is a common paediatric condition, our understanding of it is still limited. In this article, the clinical picture is presented and the concept of psychosomatic pain is discussed. Some recent scientific data are presented including a controlled blind study of pain pressure thresholds showing significantly reduced mean values over common pain areas in a group of children with psychosomatic pain. According to another study, these children also have significantly reduced concentrations of the hypothalamic hormone oxytocin and cortisol. With these data as a point of departure, a model for psychosomatic pain reaction is outlined in which stress is assumed to induce muscular tension, in turn triggering the nociceptive process. In this psychosomatic reaction, the hypothalamus is believed to have a central regulatory function.