Intracranial fluid dynamics in normal and hydrocephalic states: systems analysis with phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging

J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2004 Mar-Apr;28(2):247-54. doi: 10.1097/00004728-200403000-00015.

Abstract

Objective: To present a novel magnetic resonance (MR) method of analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics.

Methods: Fifty-one subjects were explored with phase-contrast cine MR imaging. There were 36 volunteers, 9 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), and 6 patients with asymptomatic ventricular dilation (VD). The transfer function XFRA/CSF from the arterial pulse waves (APWs) and the CSF pulse waves (CSFPWs) and the transfer function XFRCSF/SS from the CSF pulse waves (CSFPWs) and the sagittal sinus pulse waves (SSPWs) were studied separately.

Results: There was a significant difference in the amplitude spectrum of the XFRA/CSF of patients with VD and volunteers (P < 0.05) and in that of patients with NPH and volunteers (P = 0.005). The amplitude of the fundamental frequency was higher in the NPH group than in the VD group (P = 0.02). In patients with NPH, the amplitude spectrum of XFRCSF/SS showed an attenuation of the pulse wave components that significantly differed from the observed amplification in healthy subjects (P = 0.009) and patients with VD (P = 0.012).

Conclusion: This systems analysis method could help to detect increased venous compliance in VD and decreased venous compliance in NPH.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid / physiology*
  • Fourier Analysis
  • Humans
  • Hydrocephalus / diagnosis
  • Hydrocephalus / physiopathology*
  • Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / physiopathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine*
  • Middle Aged
  • Systems Analysis