Abstract
OTK18 was isolated by mRNA differential display of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) infected with human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1). Northern blot and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed low levels of OTK18 expression in human tissue, which markedly increased during advanced HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE). Immunocytochemistry, using rabbit polyclonal antisera, showed OTK18 localized to brain mononuclear phagocytes (MP) in moderate to severe HIV-1 encephalitis. OTK18 expression was selective and not found in HIV-1-infected brain tissue with limited neuropathological abnormalities, nor in cytomegalovirus encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, or uninfected control brains. Thus, OTK18 expression in brain mononuclear phagocytes is a signature for advanced HIV-1 encephalitis.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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AIDS Dementia Complex / immunology
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AIDS Dementia Complex / metabolism*
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AIDS Dementia Complex / pathology
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Brain / cytology
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Brain / immunology*
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Brain / metabolism*
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Cells, Cultured
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DNA-Binding Proteins / biosynthesis*
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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Disease Progression
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Encephalitis, Viral / immunology
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Encephalitis, Viral / metabolism*
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Encephalitis, Viral / pathology
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Gene Expression Regulation / immunology
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HIV-1 / immunology*
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Humans
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Macrophages / immunology
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Macrophages / metabolism*
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Macrophages / virology
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Organ Specificity / genetics
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Organ Specificity / immunology
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Severity of Illness Index
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Transcription Factors / biosynthesis*
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Virus Replication / genetics
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Virus Replication / immunology
Substances
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Transcription Factors
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ZNF175 protein, human