Objective: To determine risk factors of mortality in the infant of a toxemic mother.
Material and methods: A case-controls study, single products only, of 28-42 weeks of gestation; cases were either stillborn and neonatal deaths. Where controls were survivors.
Results: There were 57 cases and 114 controls. Significant risk factors were: eclampsia (OR = 4.25, 95%CI 1.76-10.39, p = 0.0002), placental detachment (OR = 8.13, 95%CI 2.29-31.4, p = 0.00007), general anesthesia (OR = 5.32, 95%CI 1.74-16.51, p = 0.0005), respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 23.68, 95%CI 3.31-478 p = 0.00004), mechanic ventilation (OR = 334, 95%CI 42.63-7084, p = 0.000000001), peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 64.57, 95%CI 8.36-1361, p = 0.0000001), acute renal failure (OR = 26.13, 95%CI 5.21-177, p = 0.0000002) and pulmonary hemorrhage (OR = 8.40, 95%CI 2.71-27.11, p = 0.000006). We observed as protective factors: high maternal educational level (OR = 0.110, 95%CI 0.01-0.66, p = 0.02), intrauterine malnutrition (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.18-0.84, p = 0.008) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (OR = 0.021, 95%CI 0.00-0.15, p = 0.00000001).
Conclusions: We found as maternal risk factors: eclampsia; premature placental detachment; general anesthesia, and maternal death, in the newborns they were respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation and peri-intraventricular hemorrhage. The finding of protection factors is interesting.