The effects of breath-holding on vocal fold adduction: implications for safe swallowing

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Feb;130(2):208-10. doi: 10.1001/archotol.130.2.208.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effects, if any, of 3 different breath-holding techniques on a person's ability to attain vocal fold closure (VFC) to successfully complete swallowing maneuvers.

Design: Prospective, randomized study.

Setting: Private practice.

Patients: A total of 150 healthy volunteers recruited from private practice patients and community volunteers. Intervention Group 1 received the easy breath-hold instruction; group 2 received the inhale/easy breath-hold instruction; and group 3 received the hard breath-hold instruction.

Main outcome measure: Closure of true and false vocal folds following the breath-hold instruction.

Results: In the easy breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 82% of the subjects, and closure of both the true and false vocal folds occurred in 30%. In the inhale/easy breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 62%, and closure of both folds occurred in 46%. In the hard breath-hold group, true VFC occurred in 86%, and closure of both folds occurred in 64%. The differences among the 3 groups were significant for true VFC (chi2=9.242; P=.01) and for closure of both folds (chi2=11.625; P=.003).

Conclusions: The hard breath-hold instruction was the most effective method to attain full laryngeal closure, and the inhale/easy breath-hold instruction was the least effective method to attain true VFC for safe swallowing.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Deglutition
  • Endoscopy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Respiratory Mechanics*
  • Vocal Cords / physiology*