The dangers of flying have recently been highlighted in the media; however, the available literature is contradictory, as are current recommendations for travellers. The purpose of this article is to provide an account of the research that has been undertaken to investigate the possible consequences of air travel. It will examine the effect that flying has on the body, especially the respiratory and circulatory systems, by studying the theoretical and empirical literature. The aim is to provide nurses with a sound insight into the effects of long-distance flying on the body, and the potential adverse effects/complications, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, that may occur as a result. In addition, it provides information on the treatment options available and should enable nurses to give sound prophylactic advice after discharge. By encouraging passengers to take precautions, the number of people affected by flight could be reduced.