Effects of 15N application frequency on nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees

J Plant Physiol. 2003 Dec;160(12):1429-34. doi: 10.1078/0176-1617-01018.

Abstract

Two irrigation systems were used to compare nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees and to evaluate the NO3- runoff in "Navelina" orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] on Carrizo citrange rootstock (Citrus sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata Raf.). These were fertilized with 125 g N as labelled K15NO3 and grown outdoors in containers filled with a sand-loamy soil. Two groups of 3 trees received this N dose either in five equally split applications by a flooding irrigation system or in 66 applications by drip. Trees were harvested at the end of the vegetative cycle (December) and the isotopic ratios of 15N/14N were measured in the soil-plant system. The N uptake efficiency of the whole tree was higher with drip irrigation (75%) than with flooding system (64%). In the 0-90 cm soil profile, the N immobilized in the organic fraction was similar for both irrigation methods (around 13 %), whereas the N retained as NO3- was 1% of the N applied under drip and 10% under flooding. In the last case, most of NO3- remained under root system and it could be lost to leaching either by heavy rainfalls or excessive water applications. These results showed that a drip irrigation system was more efficient for improving water use and N uptake from fertilizer, in addition to potentially reduced leaching losses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Citrus / drug effects
  • Citrus / growth & development
  • Citrus / metabolism*
  • Fertilizers / analysis
  • Nitrates / pharmacology*
  • Nitrogen / metabolism*
  • Nitrogen / pharmacology
  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Plant Structures / drug effects
  • Plant Structures / growth & development
  • Plant Structures / metabolism*
  • Potassium Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Soil / analysis
  • Water / pharmacology
  • Water Movements

Substances

  • Fertilizers
  • Nitrates
  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Potassium Compounds
  • Soil
  • Water
  • Nitrogen
  • potassium nitrate