Pre-gestational diabetes is a serious risk factor in pregnancy and delivery. Complications during pregnancy in this group of women depend on the glycemic control and on the clinical course of diabetes.
Material and method: On the period of 1991-2001, 186 pregnant women with diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy were hospitalized in Ob/Gyn Department, Medical University of Bydgoszcz. In this study, 178 deliveries and 8 abortions were analyzed. The selected glycemic control indices-GCI (General Control Index) were analyzed in diabetic women with non-complicated pregnancies and in women with complications during pregnancy.
Results: The most frequent complications during pregnancy were premature delivery (32%) and hypertension (13%). Deliveries before the end of 37 week of pregnancy were more frequent in women with more complicated diabetes. Glycemic control in diabetic mothers who delivered prematurely was worse then in women with normal outcome. An increased rate of congenital malformations (6.7%) in the newborns were noted in women with very poor glycemic control in the first months of pregnancy. Perinatal mortality was higher than that of the non-diabetic population, and was at the level of 3.4%.
Conclusions: 1. Glycemic control in women with diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy who delivered prematurely, was worse then in women who delivered at the term. 2. High rate of the congenital malformations (6.7%) in the newborns was observed in patients with very poor glycemic control in the first months of pregnancy.