In postmenopausal women, the nonpharmacological prevention of osteoporotic fractures pursues the dual objective of minimizing bone loss and preventing falls. In women with a low fracture risk, optimizing the dietary intake of calcium is the main nutritional goal. Regular sustained physical activity should be encouraged. In older women, the high risk of proximal femoral fractures warrants a number of preventive measures, including calcium and vitamin D supplementation, correction of protein deficiency if needed, and minimization of the risk of falls. Hip protectors may be useful in institutionalized women at high risk for falls. These nonpharmacological measures should be part of a comprehensive customized management program used to complement standard pharmacological therapy.