The purpose of the research was to study the efficacy of the bougienage of after-burn esophageal strictures against the background of long-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors of H2-blockers. 100 patients with after-burn esophageal strictures were divided into 3 groups in a random way: 1) only bougienage--53 patients; 2) bougienage and omeprazole, 20 mg per day during 12 months--20 patients; 3) bougienage and ranitidine, 300 mg per day during 12 months--27 patients. Bougienage was efficient in 83 patients (83%). 17 patients underwent esophagoplasty due to inefficiency of bougienage. Repeated bougienage was necessary for 35% of patients who were taking omeprazole (p = 0.04), 48.1%--ranitidine (p = 0.2), and 60.4% of patients who underwent only bougienage. Bougienage of the esophagus is efficient in treatment of after-burn strictures. Twelve-month treatment of these patients with omeprazole reduces the number of repeated bougienage courses significantly.