High harmonic imaging of few-cycle laser pulses

Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Oct 10;91(15):153901. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.153901. Epub 2003 Oct 6.

Abstract

We show that the strength of the central electric field peaks in a few-cycle laser pulse can be recovered from a frequency-time image of the high harmonic spectrum generated in a gas volume. Pulse intensity, duration, and also the carrier-envelope phase phi(CE) can be determined. A simple and robust observable is defined that provides a gauge of phi(CE) for pulse durations up to three optical cycles, corresponding to 7.8 fs FWHM at the Ti:sapphire wavelength of 800 nm.