Abstract
Pain produces a physiological stress response that includes increased heart and breathing rates to facilitate the increasing demands of oxygen and other nutrients to vital organs. Failure to relieve pain produces a prolonged stress state, which can result in harmful multisystem effects. Good acute pain management is an essential part of holistic nursing care.
MeSH terms
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / physiology
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Epinephrine / physiology
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Humans
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Hydrocortisone / physiology
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Neurosecretory Systems / physiopathology
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Norepinephrine / physiology
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Pain / complications*
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Pain / physiopathology*
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Pain / prevention & control
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Renin-Angiotensin System / physiology
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Stress, Physiological / etiology
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Sympathetic Nervous System / physiopathology
Substances
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
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Hydrocortisone
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Norepinephrine
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Epinephrine