Abstract
Different characteristics of patients and local anaesthetic formulations will influence the spread of spinal anaesthesia. The predictability of the spread of spinal anaesthesia can be improved by altering both baricity of the solution, and the position of the patient during the intrathecal local anaesthetic injection. The role of adrenaline and clonidine in prolonging the block and associated side effects is discussed. The role of opioids added to local anaesthetic solutions is discussed from a cost/benefit point of view.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Anesthesia / administration & dosage*
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Adjuvants, Anesthesia / adverse effects
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Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
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Anesthesia, Spinal / adverse effects
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Anesthesia, Spinal / methods*
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Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage*
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Anesthetics, Local / adverse effects
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Cholinesterase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
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Drug Synergism
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Humans
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Injections, Spinal
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Surgical Procedures, Operative
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Vasoconstrictor Agents / administration & dosage
Substances
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Adjuvants, Anesthesia
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Analgesics, Opioid
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Anesthetics, Local
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Cholinesterase Inhibitors
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Vasoconstrictor Agents