Methods: Following liver transplantation, a 26-year old female suffered from primary non-function of the transplant. The patient was subsequently treated with a modular extracorporeal liver support concept until a suitable organ became available. A bioreactor was charged with human liver cells, obtained from a discarded cadaveric graft (470 g, viability: 60%). The bioreactor was integrated into an extracorporeal circuit with continuous single pass albumin dialysis and continuous veno-venuous hemodiafiltration for detoxification and fluid reduction.
Results: Over the total system application time of 79 h, a significant reduction of the plasma levels of total bilirubin (21.1 mg/dl at start, 10.1 mg/dl at end of therapy) and ammonia (100 versus 22.7 micromol/l) was achieved. During treatment the patient's neurological status significantly improved from coma stage IV to I permitting extubation. Recovery of kidney function with a urine output of 1325 ml/24 h compared to 45 ml/24 h prior to system application, was noted. Over the treatment period, an improvement of coagulation status was observed. Adverse events were absent.
Conclusions: This first successful clinical treatment of a patient with liver failure suggests that a modular approach combining both primary human liver cell bioreactor technology and detoxification methods is promising.