Objective: To investigate the natural course and the final visual acuity in patients of age-related macular degeneration with choroidal neovascularization.
Methods: Thirty five eyes of 29 patients diagnosed as AMD with occult choroidal neovascularization were studied. The eyes which had laser, radiation therapy or surgical treatment were excluded. Visual acuity, fundus examination, fluorescent angiography (FFA) and perimetry test were performed at the first time visit and 5 years following-up at an interval of 1 to 3 months. The average following-up period of time was 8 years (range from 5 to 16 years) which started in 1985 and ended in 2001.
Results: Initial visual acuity 0.1 or less was shown in 10 eyes (28.5%, only hands movement can be seen in 4 of 10 eyes), 23 eyes (65.7%) with visual acuity of 0.1 or less (14 eyes with vision acuity of hands movement) on the last visit. 7 of 35 eyes, the final visual acuity improved more than 2 lines, 12 eyes remained the same and 16 eyes had been lost vision more than two lines. At the baseline examination, 25 eyes had macular hemorrhages and 4 eyes had vitreous hemorrhages. The fundus hemorrhages occurred repeatedly 1 to 4 times in 23 eyes during following-up, the macular hemorrhages was detected in 7 eyes at the last visit. At the initial fundus examination, fibrotic membranes were found in 7 eyes; all 35 eyes had disc form scarring with various size in most recent following-up.
Conclusion: The natural course of Age-related macular degeneration with choroidal neovascularization is prolonged and the final visual prognosis was poor especially in the cases with recurrent macular hemorrhages.