Suspensions of pro-drug insulin greatly prolong normoglycemic patterns in diabetic rats

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Jul 25;307(2):315-21. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01200-2.

Abstract

FMS(3)-insulin (2-sulfo-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)(3)-insulin is a water soluble, inactive-reactivated derivative of insulin with protracted action in vivo. In this study we find that FMS(3)-insulin preserves insulin's capacity to crystallize when associated with Zn(2+) ions or with basic protamine. Zinc or protamine suspended preparations of FMS(3)-insulin manifest substantially prolonged, blood glucose-lowering pharmacokinetic profiles in STZ-treated rats (STZ-rats). A dose of up to 1mg suspended FMS(3)-insulin/STZ rat can be subcutaneously administered with no hypoglycemic episodes at any time point after administration. This dose yielded glucose-lowering profiles with t(1/2) values at the range of 50-70h, turning catabolic STZ-rats into anabolic ones over a period of 2-3 days. The obtained glucose-lowering patterns exceeded 7-8 times in duration those produced by nonhypoglycemic doses of NPH-insulin. In summary, subcutaneous administration of suspended insulin prodrugs, such as FMS(3)-insulin, can bring about prolonged, nonhypoglycemic glucose-lowering profiles, unattainable with insulin preparations, which are known to be active at the time of administration.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Body Weight
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Insulin / administration & dosage
  • Insulin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Prodrugs / administration & dosage
  • Prodrugs / chemistry
  • Prodrugs / metabolism
  • Prodrugs / therapeutic use*
  • Protamines / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Streptozocin
  • Zinc / metabolism

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Prodrugs
  • Protamines
  • Streptozocin
  • Zinc