We typed 100 unrelated, healthy Poles from the region of Lower Silesia for HLA-C using low-resolution polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) and compared the observed allele frequencies with data published for other human populations. Poles appeared to be most similar to the Germans and English more distant from the French, Catalans and Basques and most dissimilar to non-Caucasians from Equatorial Guinea and Japan. It would be interesting to HLA-C-type other Slavic and non-Slavic peoples from Middle and Eastern Europe for comparison.