Background: In recent decades people with intellectual disability have moved from institutional care into the community and are now reliant on general practice services for their primary medical care. Their complex health needs present a considerable challenge to the general practitioner.
Objective: This article aims to outline the common physical and psychiatric conditions found in adults with intellectual disability, and the need for a structured approach to health care in patients with limited communication skills.
Discussion: Adults with intellectual disability frequently have undiagnosed health problems. In many cases these will only be identified by specific examination and testing. Health assessment tools offer a useful guide to which conditions to look out for. Early identification and treatment enhances quality of life for both people with intellectual disability and their carers.