Colorectal cancer screening can prevent the development of colorectal cancer and reduce the risk for death. Screening recommendations include fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, radiographic imaging of the colon, and colonoscopy. This article focuses on recommendations for average-risk individuals and discusses the potential benefits and limitations of each. High-risk individuals should be screened with colonoscopy. Cost-effectiveness analyses of colorectal cancer screening are summarized.