This article presents the results of the first year of the grant study that deal with preemptive treatment of yeast infection in surgical ICU. This research included patients with a large number of risk factors (ten and more). These risk factors indicated in the chart. 147 patients reached a score of ten and more points. This number was divided in two groups. In the first group there were 87 patients who received treatment of itraconazol by prescribed scheme. They were hospitalized in ICU for 11.6 days, on average. The first group did not display any positive hemoculture and also other microbial culture from intravenous cannula. No patients fell from ill candida sepsis. Itraconazol was not administered to the 60 patients, who were hospitalizated 11.8 days, on average. Positive hemoculture or yeast sepsis with connection invasive yeast infection was proven in six cases (10%). No patient died in direct connection with yeast infection in either groups. The presented results show a reduction in the number of developing yeast infections and mainly yeast sepsis in patients undergoing preemptive treatment with itraconazol.