Retroperitoneal leiomyomas are extremely rare and have a good prognosis. Long-term follow-up reveals no metastasis but local recurrences do occur. These tumors, like uterine leiomyomas, are frequently accompanied by hyaline or myxoid changes as well as a trabecular pattern. Most are positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors. Herein, we report a 46-year-old woman with retroperitoneal leiomyomas who had undergone laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy 5 years previously due to uterine leiomyomas. Treatment by laparoscopic excision was successful and immunohistochemical staining of the tumor tissue was negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors.