While the pathophysiology of burn injury is well established in young adults, the factors that contribute to pathogenesis and increased death in elderly burn patients are not defined. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of burn injury on mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cell responses in young and aged mice. MLN is a cluster of lymph nodes that drains various parts of the intestine and is known to play role in clearance bacteria originating from the intestinal lumen. Results presented here suggest a significant suppression in Con A-induced MLN cell proliferation and IL-2 production in uninjured aged mice compared with uninjured young mice. Following 24 h after injury, although, a significant decrease in lymph node cell proliferation and IL-2 production was observed in both young and aged mice compared with their respective sham-injured animals, the suppression was more in aged mice. In addition we found a reduction in IFN-gamma, a Th-1 cytokine by MLN T cells from aged burned mice relative to young burn (P<0.05) or sham-injured mice (P<0.01). The Th-2 cytokine IL-4, on the other hand, was significantly increased in both young and aged burn-injured mice MLN T cells compared with their respective sham-injured mice. These results show that burn injury causes a greater suppression in MLN T cells ability to proliferate and a more pronounced shift to Th-2 phenotype in aged mice as compared with young mice. Such decreases in T cell functions may impair MLN's ability to clear the bacterial pathogens originating from intestine and thereby contribute to increased pathogenesis in injured host.