Evidence of allosteric conformational changes in the antibody constant region upon antigen binding

Int Immunol. 2003 Mar;15(3):417-26. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxg036.

Abstract

We have addressed the question of whether antigen binding induces a conformational change in the heavy chain constant (C(H)) domain of antibodies using staphylococcal protein A or streptococcal protein G as probes, since these proteins are known to bind to IgG domains such as C(H)1 and C(H)2-C(H)3 domains. Biosensor assays on interactions between these proteins and mouse IgG specific to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) or their enzymatic fragments conducted in the presence or absence of the hapten, NP-epsilon-aminocaproic acid (NP-Cap), showed that the binding of IgG to these proteins was inhibited by the binding of NP-Cap. The results of isothermal titration calorimetry also revealed that the association constant for the interaction of protein A with IgG2b decreased by the addition of NP-Cap. These results suggested that antigen binding induced conformational changes in binding sites for protein G or protein A located at C(H)1 and C(H)2-C(H)3 domains, respectively.

MeSH terms

  • Allosteric Regulation
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
  • Antigens, Bacterial / metabolism*
  • Binding Sites, Antibody
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin G / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation

Substances

  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • streptococcal protective antigen