Multidetector CT has expanded the utility of CT by improving longitudinal resolution and acquisition speed. Applications include diagnosis of renal vascular and parenchymal injuries, renal tumor diagnosis and staging, the emerging field of CT urography and CT angiography. This summary review illustrates MDCT approaches to the evaluation of trauma, suspected tumor and imaging of the urinary tract and discusses other applications in renal inflammatory disease, urolithiasis and renal anomalies.