Cryopreservation is the method of choice in solution of the problem of the done in good time reservation of the components of blood and bone marrow for autotransfusion in patients referred to the contingent of particular risk. Freezing of autologous hemocomponents increases the infection safety and efficiency of therapy with hemocomponents. The wide introduction of using autologous hemocomponents into the everyday surgical practice and in the arsenal of means and methods of the medicine of extreme situations is an indispensable condition for increasing the effects of curative and medico-evacuational measures.